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Heath beekeeping : ウィキペディア英語版
Heath beekeeping

Heath beekeeping ((ドイツ語:Heideimkerei)) was a specialist form of beekeeping, which was intensively practised by beekeepers on the Lüneburg Heath from the Middle Ages until the 19th century, but which is now very rarely encountered. It was also referred to as ''Lüneburger Schwarmbienenzucht'' (Lüneburg honey bee breeding) ''Lüneburger Heideimkerei'' (Lüneburg Heath beekeeping) or ''Lüneburger Korbimkerei'' (Lüneburg basket beekeeping). Typical features were beehives made of plaited straw baskets or skeps, the use of heathland flowers, frequent moving of bees to worthwhile feeding areas and the enormous multiplication of bee colonies through swarming.
== Methods ==

Heath beekeeping is a special form of beekeeping used to obtain heather honey. It involves a transportable, swarming hive in which the beekeeper only allows a small number of colonies to overwinter. In spring, the number of colonies increases many times through the process of swarming, and several hundred were not unusual. Over the centuries, by selecting bees that swarm early and often, beekeepers on the heathlands developed an extremely swarm-loving and robust species known as the European dark bee.
The once widespread ''Bienenzaun'' (bee enclosure) apiary provided plenty of space. Beehives were made from straw into a plaited basket, the ''Lüneburger Stülper'' or Lüneburg Skep and, in the 1940s and 50s the Kanitz Basket (''Kanitzkorb''), named after its inventor, was also used. Because there was not usually enough local forage for the many hives concentrated into one place, the beekeepers had to move the bees around to areas where there were worthwhile sources of nectar. The new colonies formed in the early spring from swarms, collected honey from the blossoming heathlands in late summer, mainly in August and September. After the honey was harvested the superfluous colonies were removed from their baskets and sold as 'bare' colonies without honeycombs.
These bees were very keen to swarm.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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